Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 80
Filter
1.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 58(1): 120-126, Jan.-Mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248995

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex gastrointestinal disorder, whose understanding is relatively uncertain, and the treatment guidance decision still represents a challenge. OBJECTIVE: To identify and critically appraise systematic reviews (SRs) published in the Cochrane Database of SRs (CDSR) on the effects of interventions (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) for the treatment of IBS. METHODS: The search was conducted at the Cochrane Library in May 2020. The methodological quality of the SRs was evaluated by the AMSTAR-2 tool. RESULTS: Eight SRs with moderate to high quality were included, which addressed the treatments: (a) pharmacological: volume agents, antispasmodics, antidepressants and tegaserod; and (b) non-pharmacological: homeopathy, acupuncture, phytotherapy, biofeedback, psychological interventions and hypnotherapy. The results were favorable to antispasmodic drugs and antidepressants regarding the improvement of clinical symptoms. There was no difference between volume agents or tegaserod when compared to placebo. Acupuncture and homeopathy showed a little improvement in symptoms compared to placebo, but the certainty of this evidence was considered low to very low. Psychological interventions seem to improve the overall assessment of the patient and relief symptoms such as abdominal pain. However, there was no long-term follow-up of these patients. The results of the other treatments were considered uncertain due to the high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Considering the low quality of the studies included in the SRs, pharmacological treatment with antispasmodics and antidepressants seems to be beneficial for patients with IBS. Among non-pharmacological interventions, psychological interventions seem to be beneficial. However, further clinical trials are recommended with greater methodological rigor to prove these findings.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: A síndrome do intestino irritável (SII) é um distúrbio gastrointestinal complexo, cujo entendimento é relativamente incerto e a decisão de orientação do tratamento ainda representa um desafio. OBJETIVO: Identificar e avaliar criticamente as revisões sistemáticas (RSs) publicadas na base de dados de RSs Cochrane (CDSR) sobre os efeitos das intervenções (farmacológicas e não farmacológicas) para o tratamento da SII. MÉTODOS: A busca foi realizada na Biblioteca Cochrane em maio de 2020. A qualidade metodológica das RSs foi avaliada pela ferramenta AMSTAR-2. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas oito RSs com qualidade moderada a alta, as quais abordaram os tratamentos: (a) farmacológico - agentes de volume, antiespasmódicos, antidepressivos e o tegaserod; e (b) não farmacológico - homeopatia, acupuntura, fitoterapia, biofeedback, intervenções psicológicas e hipnoterapia. Os resultados foram favoráveis aos medicamentos antiespasmódicos e antidepressivos em relação à melhora dos sintomas clínicos. Não houve diferença entre os agentes de volume ou tegaserod quando comparados ao placebo. Acupuntura e homeopatia apresentaram pequena melhora dos sintomas em comparação ao placebo, porém a qualidade da evidência foi considerada baixa a muito baixa. As intervenções psicológicas parecem melhorar a avaliação global do paciente e alívio de sintomas como dor abdominal. Contudo, não houve acompanhamento desses pacientes a longo prazo. Os resultados dos demais tratamentos foram considerados incertos devido ao alto risco de viés. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a baixa qualidade dos estudos incluídos nas RSs, o tratamento farmacológico com antiespasmódicos e antidepressivos parece ser benéfico para os pacientes com SII. Entre os não-farmacológicos, as intervenções psicológicas parecem obter benefícios. Entretanto, novos ensaios clínicos são recomendados com maior rigor metodológico para comprovar estes achados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/drug therapy , Abdominal Pain , Phytotherapy
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 35(7): e202000707, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130661

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To analyze gene and protein expression of metalloproteinases 1, 2, 9, 11 and 16 and their correlation with clinicopathological variables in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective study of 114 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma treated surgically in the period 2006 to 2008 in Hospital de Câncer de Barretos - Fundação Pio XII. The evaluation of gene expression was performed by RT-PCR, and protein by immunohistochemistry. The analysis of gene expression was classified as overexpressed genes and poorly expressed (fold change of approximately 2, p<0.05). The positivity of the markers in the immunohistochemical study was performed by semi-quantitative analysis. The tissue of TMA (Tissue Microarray) was done by two independent pathologists. Results: The gene expression validated by immuno - histochemical was MMP-1(p= 0.00 and 1.57 fold change) and MMP - 2 (p= 0.01 and - 1.84 to fold change) when correlated with the histological types mucinous and adenocarcinoma NOS, MMP9 (p=0.01 and fold change of 1.13) and MMP-16 (p=0.03 and 1.61 fold change) when compared with the histological types villous and adenocarcinoma NOS, MMP - 11 statistically significant in relation to male (p = 0.04 and 1.65 fold change). Conclusions: The MMPs 1, 2, 9, 11 and 16 gene and protein expression with statistical significance in at least one of the clinicopathological variables studied. Thus, we conclude that these MMPs have potential as a prognostic factor in colorectal adenocarcinoma.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms , Prognosis , Immunohistochemistry , Adenocarcinoma , Retrospective Studies , Matrix Metalloproteinases
3.
Rev. bras. med. trab ; 16(3): 270-276, out.2018.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-966061

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os portos brasileiros têm um papel importante na economia do país. Apesar de haver um número expressivo de trabalhadores, existem poucas pesquisas disponíveis envolvendo o ambiente portuário que relatem que as doenças musculoesqueléticas mais recorrentes correspondem as dos membros superiores, como síndrome do túnel do carpo, síndrome do manguito rotador, cervicalgia e síndrome do túnel cubital, esta definida como uma neurite causada por uma compressão do nervo ulnar no túnel cubital na região do cotovelo. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência sugestiva da síndrome do túnel cubital no ambiente portuário. Método: Foram avaliados 72 trabalhadores portuários avulsos do OGMO do Porto de São Sebastião, São Paulo, por meio de um questionário semiestruturado, o exame clínico que incluiu a pesquisa de dor à palpação na região medial do cotovelo e a realização de duas manobras específicas para síndrome do túnel cubital, o teste provocativo de pressão e o teste de flexão máxima. Resultados: A idade média foi de 48,49 anos e um tempo médio de 23,13 anos de trabalho no porto; a síndrome do túnel cubital teve diagnóstico sugestivo em cinco dos avaliados, e apenas dois trabalhadores referiam dor no cotovelo antes e três depois do início do trabalho no porto. Conclusão: A prevalência do diagnóstico sugestivo da síndrome do túnel cubital foi de 6,9%, sendo maior entre os trabalhadores com maior tempo de trabalho (acima de um ano)


Background: Ports play a substantial role in the Brazilian economy. Despite the large number of port workers, few studies report that the most common musculoskeletal disorders among them involve the upper limbs, including carpal tunnel syndrome, rotator cuff syndrome, cervicalgia and cubital tunnel syndrome. The latter is a neuritis caused by compression of the ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel (CuTS) on the elbow. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of a suggestive diagnosis of CuTS among port workers. Method: Seventy-two independent port workers registered with the Labor Management Organ (Órgão Gestor de Mão de Obra ­ OGMO), Port of Saint Sebastian, were evaluated based on a semi-structured questionnaire and clinical examination, including investigation of pain on palpation of the middle area of the elbow and two maneuvers specific for CuTS, namely, the pressure provocation and maximal flexion tests. Results: The average age of the participants was 48.49 years old, and their average length in the job 23.13 years. Suggestive diagnosis of CuTS was established for five participants. In only two cases elbow pain had begun before, and in three after starting work at the port. Conclusion: The prevalence of a suggestive diagnosis of CuTS was 6.9%, and was higher among the participants with longer length in the job (over one year)


Subject(s)
Humans , Harbor Sanitation , Cubital Tunnel Syndrome/epidemiology , Disease Prevention , Occupational Diseases , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(1): 34-45, 01/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735704

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective effects of chilling the bile ducts with cold (5°C) 5% glucose solution (GS) during radiofrequency (RF) administration. METHODS: Twenty male pigs (3 mos. old; 25-30 kg) were subjected to RF delivery with chilling (experimental group, N=10) or without chilling (control group, N=10). Half of the animals in each group were euthanized immediately after the operation, and half were euthanized one week later. The following histological variables in relation to the bile ducts were evaluated by a pathologist (blind examiner): degenerative changes to the epithelium; epithelial necrosis; ulceration, regenerative changes of the epithelium; polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration; and thermal effects. RESULTS: The experimental group (88 bile ducts examined) showed reduced thermal damage relative to the control group (86 bile ducts examined) as demonstrated by significant differences in the following histopathological parameters: epithelial detachment of biliary epithelium (84.1% vs. 59.3%; p<0.006); elongation/palisade arrangement of nuclei (65.1% vs. 87.5%; p<0.001); pseudo-goblet cells (32.9% vs. 56.8%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Infusion of 5% glucose solution (5°C) has a protective effect on bile ducts subjected to heat (95-110°C, 12 min) from radiofrequency thermal ablation device. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Bile Ducts/injuries , Burns/prevention & control , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Cryotherapy/methods , Glucose/pharmacology , Liver/surgery , Bile Duct Diseases/prevention & control , Bile Ducts/pathology , Burns/etiology , Catheter Ablation/methods , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Perfusion , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Swine , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
5.
Clinics ; 69(11): 723-730, 11/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-731100

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to report the results of the implementation of computed tomography colonography in a university hospital setting serving a Brazilian population at high risk of colorectal cancer. METHODS: After creating a computed tomography colonography service in our institution, 85 patients at high risk of colorectal cancer underwent computed tomography colonography followed by a same-day optical colonoscopy from September 2010 to May 2012. The overall accuracy of computed tomography colonography in the detection of lesions ≥6 mm was compared to that of optical colonoscopy (direct comparison). All colonic segments were evaluated using quality imaging (amount of liquid and solid residual feces and luminal distension). To assess patient acceptance and preference, a questionnaire was completed before and after the computed tomography colonography and optical colonoscopy. Fisher's exact test was used to measure the correlations between colonic distension, discomfort during the exam, exam preference and interpretation confidence. RESULTS: Thirteen carcinomas and twenty-two lesions ≥6 mm were characterized. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of computed tomography colonography were 100%, 98.2% and 98.6%, respectively. Computed tomography colonography was the preferred method of investigation for 85% of patients. The preparation was reported to cause only mild discomfort for 97.6% of patients. According to the questionnaires, there was no significant relationship between colonic distension and discomfort (p>0.05). Most patients (89%) achieved excellent bowel preparation. There was a statistically significant correlation between the confidence perceived in reading the computed tomography colonography and the quality of the preparation in each colonic segment (p≤0.001). The average effective radiation dose per exam was 7.8 mSv. CONCLUSION: It was possible to institute an efficient computed ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma/pathology , Colonography, Computed Tomographic/methods , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Brazil , Colectomy/methods , Colon/pathology , Colonic Polyps/pathology , Colonoscopy/methods , Hospitals, University , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Rectum/pathology , Sensitivity and Specificity
6.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 27(3): 172-176, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720394

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of neoplasia among the worldwide adult population. Among neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, it is ranked second in relation to prevalence and mortality, but its etiology is only known in around 5% of the cases. It is believed that 15% of malignant diseases are related to viral oncogenesis. AIM: To correlate the presence of HPV with the staging and degree of cell differentiation among patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 144 patients divided between a test group of 79 cases of colorectal cancer and a control group to analyze 144 patients aged 25 to 85 years (mean, 57.85 years; standard deviation, 15.27 years and median, 58 years). Eighty-six patients (59.7%) were male. For both groups, tissue samples from paraffin blocks were subjected to DNA extraction followed by the polymerase chain reaction using generic and specific primers for HPV 16 and 18. Dot blot hybridization was also performed with the aim of identifying HPV DNA. RESULTS: The groups were shown to be homogenous regarding sex, age and site of HPV findings in the samples analyzed. Out of the 41 patients with HPV, 36 (45.6%) were in the cases and five (7.7%) were in the control group (p<0.001). All the HPV cases observed comprised HPV 16, and HPV 18 was not shown in any of the cases studied. There were no significant differences in comparisons of sex, age and site regarding the presence of HPV in either of the groups. It was not observe any significant difference in relation to staging or degree of cell differentiation among the patients with colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION: Human papillomavirus type 16 is present in individuals with colorectal carcinoma. However, its presence was unrelated to staging or degree of differentiation. .


RACIONAL: O câncer colorretal é uma das neoplasias mais frequentes entre a população adulta mundial, e entre as do trato gastrointestinal, é a segunda em relação à prevalência e mortalidade sendo a sua causa conhecida apenas em cerca de 5% dos casos. Acredita-se que 15% das doenças malignas estariam relacionadas à oncogênese viral. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a presença do HPV com o estadiamento e o grau de diferenciação celular dos pacientes portadores de adenocarcinoma colorretal. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo do tipo caso-controle com 144 pacientes divididos em um grupo teste representado por pacientes com câncer colorretal em um total de 79 casos e um grupo controle correspondente à pacientes com doença benigna totalizando 65 casos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, foi possível analisar 144 pacientes com idade entre 25 a 85 anos (média de 57,85 anos com desvio-padrão de 15,27 anos e mediana de 58 anos). Oitenta e seis (59,7%) pacientes eram homens. Amostras teciduais a partir de blocos de parafina de ambos os grupos foram submetidos à extração do DNA e em seguida foi realizada reação em cadeia da polimerase com iniciadores genéricos e específicos para HPV 16 e 18 e também a hibridização do tipo dot blot com o intuito de identificar o DNA do HPV. RESULTADOS: Os grupos se mostraram homogêneos quanto a sexo, idade e localização do HPV nas amostras analisadas. Dos 41 pacientes com HPV, 36 (45,6%) eram do grupo teste e cinco (7,7%) do grupo controle (p<0,001). Todos os casos de HPV observados correspondiam ao HPV 16 não sendo evidenciado HPV 18 em nenhum caso estudado. Não houve diferença significativa na comparação realizada quando se considerou o sexo, idade e localização ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/virology , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/virology , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Case-Control Studies , Cell Differentiation , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies
7.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 41(3): 193-197, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-719491

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effect of celecoxib in the esophageal mucosa in rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy. METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats from the vivarium of the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas were used for the experiment. The animals were divided into four groups: Group I, 15 rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy with the use of celecoxib postoperatively; Group II, 15 rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy without the use of celecoxib; Group III, 15 rats undergoing celiotomy with bowel manipulation; and Group IV, 15 rats without surgery and using celecoxib. The observation period was 90 days. After the death of the animals, the distal segment of the esophagus was resected and sent for microscopic analysis. RESULTS: esofagojejunostomy caused macroscopic and microscopic esophagitis. Esophagitis was equal in both groups I and II. In groups III and IV esophageal lesions were not developed. CONCLUSIONS: celecoxib had neither protective nor inducing effect on esophagitis, but had a protective effect on dysplasia of the animals of group I. .


OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito do celecoxibe como função protetora na mucosa esofágica, em ratos machos Wistar, submetidos à esofagojejunostomia. MÉTODOS: sessenta animais oriundos do biotério da Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas foram utilizados para o experimento. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: Grupo I, 15 ratos que foram submetidos à esofagojejustomia e que utilizaram o celecoxibe no pós-operatório, Grupo II, 15 ratos submetidos à esofagojejunostomia sem uso de celecoxibe, Grupo III, 15 ratos submetidos à celiotomia com manipulação de alças, e Grupo IV, 15 ratos sem cirurgia e que utilizaram celecoxibe. O período de observação foi de 90 dias. Após a morte dos animais, o seguimento distal do esôfago foi ressecado e enviado para análise macro e microscópicas. RESULTADOS: a esofagojejunostomia causou esofagite macro e microscópica. A esofagite foi igual tanto no grupo I quanto no II. Nos animais dos grupos III e IV não foram desenvolvidas lesões esofagianas. CONCLUSÕES: o celecoxibe não teve efeito protetor nem indutor nas esofagites, mas obteve efeito protetor nas displasias dos animais do grupo I. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Celecoxib/pharmacology , /pharmacology , Esophagostomy , Esophagus/drug effects , Esophagus/pathology , Jejunostomy , Mucous Membrane/drug effects , Mucous Membrane/pathology , Rats, Wistar
8.
Radiol. bras ; 47(3): 135-140, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-713631

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mapear a visão dos cirurgiões sobre o papel da colonografia por tomografia computadorizada (CTC). Materiais e Métodos: Envio de questionário eletrônico aos membros do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões. O questionário constou de 16 questões de múltipla escolha que abordaram dados demográficos e conhecimentos gerais sobre a CTC. Resultados: Foram obtidas 144 respostas; 90,3% dos especialistas eram homens, 60% com menos de 30 anos de formado, 77,1% eram gastrocirurgiões, 22,9% eram cirurgiões gerais, 53,5% encontravam-se na vida acadêmica e 59,7% exerciam sua atividade profissional em cidades com mais de 500.000 habitantes. Em relação ao conhecimento da CTC, 84,7% conheciam o método, 70,8% sabiam como é realizado, 56,9% relataram conhecer o preparo intestinal utilizado, 31,3% utilizavam o método e 53,5% conheciam algum serviço de CTC na cidade em que atuam. Cerca de metade dos profissionais não conhecia a precisa indicação do método. Profissionais que atuam em cidades com mais de 500.000 habitantes conhecem e utilizam mais o método (p < 0,005). Houve uma tendência de os profissionais com carreira acadêmica utilizarem mais o método. Conclusão: A CTC, embora ainda pouco utilizada em nosso meio, é bastante conhecida, principalmente em grandes centros urbanos e no ambiente acadêmico. .


Objective: To map the view of surgeons on the role played by computed tomography colonography (CTC). Materials and Methods: An electronic questionnaire was sent to members of the Brazilian College of Surgeons. The questionnaire consisted of 16 multiple-choice questions about demographics and general knowledge about CTC. Results: The authors obtained 144 responses; 90.3% of the specialists were men, 60% with less than 30 years from graduation, 77.1% were gastrointestinal surgeons, 22.9% were general surgeons, 53.5% were involved in academic activity, and 59.7% had their professional activity in cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants. As regards the knowledge about CTC, 84.7% of the respondents knew the method, 70.8% knew how it is performed, 56.9% reported knowing the bowel preparation used for the procedure, 31.3% used the method, and 53.5% knew some CTC service in their city. About half of the respondents did not know the precise indication of the method. The method is most frequently known and used by professionals working in cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants (p < 0.005). There was a tendency of a more frequent use of the method by the professionals pursuing an academic career. Conclusion: Despite its infrequent use in Brazil, CTC is a well known method, particularly in large urban centers and in the academic environment. .

9.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(5): 385-390, May 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-674160

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of sustained deep inspiration in the prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications, the hormonal and immunological responses in patients submitted to abdominal surgery. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial study included 75 patients submitted to abdominal surgery, of which 36 were randomly allocated in the experimental group and underwent sustained deep inspiration during five seconds, in three sets of ten repetitions per day. The others 39 patients were allocated in the control group and were not submitted to any breathing exercise. The following parameters were measured preoperatively, 24h and 48h postoperatively: chest x-ray, serum ACTH, cortisol, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF 25-75), forced vital capacity (FVC), paO2 and paCO2. RESULTS: Mean serum cortisol in patients of the experimental and control groups before surgery were 12.8 mcg/dl (4.6-50) and 10.48 mcg/dl (1-29.1), respectively (p=0.414). The experimental group had significantly increase in serum cortisol levels, 23.6 mcg/dl (9.3-45.8), especially 24h postoperatively (p=0.049). CONCLUSION: Sustained deep inspiration in patients submitted to abdominal surgery determined important changes in serum cortisol, however, without significantly influence the postoperative pulmonary complications and the endocrine and immune responses.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Abdomen/surgery , Breathing Exercises , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood , Cytokines/blood , Hydrocortisone/blood , Inhalation/physiology , Postoperative Complications/immunology , Spirometry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome , Vital Capacity
10.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(1): 72-77, jan. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-662351

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of preoperative fractioned irradiation using an electron beam on the healing process of colocolonic anastomoses in rats that underwent early and late surgical intervention. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats, distributed as follows: group A (surgery only), group B (fractionated irradiation for 30 days (if), surgery seven days after the end of it), group C (if for 30 days, and surgery after 30 days of termination). On the seventh postoperative day the anastomotic segment analysis was taken, using tension tests, histology and collagen deposition evaluation by computerized analysis. RESULTS: Regarding the tension resistance of the anastomosis, there were no statistical differences (p=0.42). However, a significant increase in cells number in the inflammatory infiltrate in the group with a longer interval between surgery and pre op radiation (p<0.05). The collagen concentration had no significant variance. CONCLUSION: The irradiation in divided doses increased local inflammatory cellularity when the surgery was performed later. This result did not affect the increase of complications, nor on the local concentration of collagen, achieving similar clinical outcomes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Colon/surgery , Preoperative Care , Wound Healing/radiation effects , Anastomosis, Surgical , Collagen/analysis , Dose Fractionation, Radiation , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
11.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 32(1): 7-17, Jan.-Mar. 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-640260

ABSTRACT

The belief that mechanical bowel preparation is related to the reduction of complications in elective colorectal surgery is based on observational studies and expert opinion. This question led the authors to a systematic literature review, with the completion of meta-analysis, followed by three updates. METHOD: The sources of information were EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and letters to the authors. The studies were included according to the randomization criteria. The studied variables were: anastomotic dehiscence, mortality and operatory wound infection. The analysis was divided into two comparisons: one group with mechanical preparation (Group A) compared with a group without preparation (Group B) (Comparison I) and a group submitted to rectal enema (Comparison II). RESULTS: We analyzed 5,805 patients in 20 clinical trials. In comparison I, anastomotic leak occurred in 4.4% (101/2,275 patients) in Group A and 4.5% (103/2,258 patients) in Group B. In comparison II, anastomotic leak occurred in 4.4% (27/601 patients) in Group A and 3.4% (21/609 patients) in Group B. CONCLUSION: Despite the inclusion of more studies, evidences found in studies did not show any benefit obtained from the use of preoperative mechanical bowel preparation or rectal cleansing enemas in elective colorectal surgery. (AU)


A crença de que o preparo mecânico do cólon está relacionado à diminuição de complicações na cirurgia colorretal eletiva é baseada em estudos observacionais e opinião de especialistas. Seu questionamento motivou os autores na busca sistemática da literatura, com a realização de meta-análise, seguida de três atualizações. MÉTODO: Fontes de informação foram EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, Registros de Ensaios Clínicos Casualizados da Colaboração Cochrane e cartas para os autores. Os estudos foram incluídos de acordo com os critérios de casualização. Os desfechos clínicos estudados foram: deiscência anastomótica, mortalidade e infecção da ferida operatória. A análise dos grupos foi dividida em duas comparações: comparação I, grupo submetido a preparo mecânico do cólon (Grupo A) comparado ao grupo sem preparo (Grupo B); comparação II, Grupo A, submetido a preparo do cólon e Grupo B, realizado apenas enema retal. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 5.805 doentes em 20 ensaios clínicos. Na comparação I, deiscência anastomótica ocorreu em 4,4% (101/2.275 doentes) no Grupo A e 4,5% (103/2.258 doentes) no Grupo B. Na comparação II, deiscência anastomótica ocorreu em 4,4% (27/601 doentes) no Grupo A e 3,4% (21/609 doentes) no Grupo B. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da inclusão de mais estudos, as evidências encontradas não demonstraram benefício no uso do preparo mecânico pré-operatório do cólon, assim como de enemas de limpeza do reto em cirurgia colorretal eletiva. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Rectum/surgery , Preoperative Care/methods , Colon/surgery , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome
12.
Radiol. bras ; 45(1): 24-28, jan.-fev. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618391

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de aceitação do paciente submetido a colonografia por tomografia computadorizada (CTC) em comparação com a colonoscopia, quando realizadas para rastreamento de doença colorretal. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Cinquenta pacientes com suspeita de doença colorretal foram submetidos a CTC e colonoscopia. Questionários foram aplicados antes e após a realização da CTC e após a colonoscopia. Graduou-se o desconforto esperado e experimentado antes e após a realização da CTC e da colonoscopia, bem como a preferência do paciente por exame. RESULTADOS: Em relação à CTC, antes de iniciar o exame 18 por cento dos pacientes afirmaram esperar pouco desconforto, 78 por cento, desconforto moderado e 4 por cento, muito desconforto. Após a realização do exame, 72 por cento dos pacientes relataram pouco desconforto, 26 por cento, desconforto moderado e apenas um (2 por cento) dos pacientes referiu muito desconforto. Após a realização da colonoscopia, 86 por cento dos pacientes relataram preferência pela CTC. O grau de distensão colônica e a quantidade de fluido residual não influenciaram na preferência dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes preferiram a CTC à colonoscopia, não havendo relação estatística com o grau de distensão colônica na CTC e a eficiência do preparo intestinal.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree of acceptance of patients undergoing computed tomography colonography (CTC) in comparison with colonoscopy in the screening of colorectal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with suspected colorectal disease underwent CTC and colonoscopy. Questionnaires were administered before and after the performance of the CTC and after the colonoscopy. The discomfort expected and experienced before and after the performance of both procedures as well as the patients' preference for each method were evaluated. RESULTS: As regards CTC, before the procedure, 18 percent of the patients reported expecting little discomfort, 78 percent, mild discomfort, and 4 percent, a lot of discomfort. After the procedure, 72 percent of the patients reported little discomfort, 26 percent, mild discomfort, and only one (2 percent) of the patients reported a lot of discomfort. Upon completion of the colonoscopy, 86 percent of the patients reported their preference for CTC. The degree of colonic distention and residual amount of fluid had no influence on the patients' preference. CONCLUSION: CTC was preferred to colonoscopy, with no statistical relationship with the degree of colonic distention at CTC and efficiency of bowel preparation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Colorectal Neoplasms , Patient Preference , Patient Satisfaction , Colonography, Computed Tomographic , Colonoscopy
13.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 48(4): 252-260, Oct.-Dec. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-607505

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Although the high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the population, there is much controversy in this topic, especially in the surgical treatment. The decision to use of a total or partial fundoplication in the treatment of GERD is still a challenge to many surgeons because the few evidence found in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To bring more clear evidence in the comparison between total and partial fundoplication. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review of the literature and metaanalysis with randomized controlled trials accessed from MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Controlled Trials Database was done. The outcomes remarked were: dysphagia, inability to belch, bloating, recurrence of acid reflux, heartburn and esophagitis. For data analysis the odds ratio was used with corresponding 95 percent confidence interval. Statistical heterogeneity in the results of the metaanalysis was assessed by calculating a test of heterogeneity. The software Review Manager 5 (Cochrane Collaboration) was utilized for the data gathered and the statistical analysis. Sensitive analysis was applied using only trials that included follow-up over 2 years. RESULTS: Ten trials were included with 1003 patients: 502 to total fundoplication group and 501 to partial fundoplication group. The outcomes dysphagia and inability to belch had statistical significant difference (P = 0.00001) in favor of partial fundoplication. There was not statistical difference in outcomes related with treatment failure. There were no heterogeneity in the outcomes dysphagia and recurrence of the acid reflux. CONCLUSION: The partial fundoplication has lower incidence of obstructive side effects.


CONTEXTO: Apesar da alta incidência da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) na população em geral, ainda existe muita controvérsia sobre este assunto, especialmente quanto ao tratamento cirúrgico. A decisão de usar fundoplicatura total ou parcial no tratamento da DRGE ainda é um desafio para muitos cirurgiões devido à pouca evidência disponível na literatura. OBJETIVO: Comparar a fundoplicatura total e as fundoplicaturas parciais no tratamento da DRGE, avaliando a eficácia das duas técnicas operatórias. MÉTODO: Foram utilizadas a revisão sistemática da literatura e metanálise de estudos prospectivos e randomizados. Fontes de informação utilizadas: LILACS, MEDLINE, Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Database. A metanálise foi realizada utilizando-se o programa de informática da Colaboração Cochrane (Review Manager 5.0.1) e o cálculo dos desfechos foi feito pela razão de chances, com respectivo intervalo de confiança de 95 por cento. Os desfechos estudados foram: disfagia, dificuldade em eructar, plenitude gástrica, recurrência do refluxo ácido, pirose e esofagite. Análise de subgrupo: estudos com seguimento maior que 2 anos. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 10 ensaios clínicos, onde 1003 doentes foram estudados, sendo 502 alocados para o grupo fundoplicatura total e 501 locados para o grupo fundoplicatura parcial. Os desfechos contínuos não puderam ser calculados em razão da falta de dados. Somente os desfechos disfagia e dificuldade em eructar tiveram resultados estatisticamente significantes (P<0.0001) a favor da fundoplicatura parcial. CONCLUSÃO: A fundoplicatura parcial está relacionada com a menor incidência de eventos obstrutivos pós-operatórios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fundoplication/methods , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Fundoplication/adverse effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Treatment Outcome
14.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 38(4): 245-252, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601066

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar duas vias cirúrgicas (laparoscópica e convencional) para o tratamento de câncer de reto no que se refere às complicações pós-operatórias, radicalidade oncológica e sobrevida. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo com 84 pacientes com câncer retal que foram admitidos no Hospital do Câncer de Barretos entre 2000 e 2003. Somente os indivíduos que se submeteram à operações eletivas (intenção curativa) foram incluídos. A via cirúrgica foi escolhida subjetivamente e não com base na localização do tumor. RESULTADOS: O acesso laparoscópico foi utilizado por 50 por cento dos pacientes. Não houve diferença (P> 0,05) entre os dois grupos em relação à: idade, sexo, topografia, estádio, tratamento neoadjuvante e adjuvante, número de linfonodos regionais dissecados, tamanho da peça cirúrgica, margens cirúrgicas, transfusões de sangue, taxas de complicações pós-operatórias, dias de hospitalização e a taxa de sobrevida global. O tempo cirúrgico foi maior no grupo laparoscópico (mediana: 210x127,5min, P<0,001). Houve diminuição do tempo cirúrgico com o aumento do número de laparoscopias realizadas pela equipe (rho: -0,387, P=0,020). CONCLUSÃO: As vias laparoscópica e convencional, para o tratamento de câncer de reto, foram equivalentes em relação às complicações pós-operatórias, radicalidade oncológica e sobrevida. Contudo, o tempo cirúrgico foi maior no grupo da laparoscopia.


OBJECTIVE: To compare two surgical routes (laparoscopic and conventional) for the treatment of rectal cancer with regard to postoperative complications, oncological radicality and survival. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 84 patients with rectal cancer who were admitted to the Barretos Cancer Hospital between 2000 and 2003. Only individuals who underwent elective operations with curative intent were included. The surgical approach was subjectively chosen rather than by location of the tumor. RESULTS: The laparoscopic access was used by 50 percent of patients. There was no difference (P> 0.05) between the two groups regarding age, sex, topography, staging, neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, number of dissected lymph nodes, size of surgical specimen, surgical margins, blood transfusions, postoperative complication rates, hospital stay and overall survival. Surgical time was longer in the laparoscopic group (median: 210x127, 5 min, P <0.001). A reduction in surgical time was noted with the increasing number of laparoscopies performed by the team (rho: -0.387, P = 0.020). CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic and conventional routes, for the treatment of rectal cancer, were equivalent with respect to postoperative complications, oncological radicality and survival. However, the operative time was longer in the laparoscopic group.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Laparoscopy , Rectal Neoplasms/mortality , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Time Factors
15.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 31(1): 8-16, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-596204

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar os tipos de papilomavírus humano (HPV) nos portadores de carcinoma do canal anal (CCA), relacionando-os ao grau de diferenciação celular e estadiamento da lesão, em pacientes do Belém, Pará, entre 1998 e 2000. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de caso-controle com 75 pacientes, divididos em: Grupo Teste, com 33 portadores de carcinoma do canal anal, e o Grupo Controle, com 42 portadores de doenças não-neoplásicas do canal anal. Os tipos virais foram identificados por PCR e dot blot. O teste exato de Fischer foi utilizado para avaliar a ocorrência de HPV. Adotou-se a tabela de contingência 3x2 para representar a distribuição dos tipos de HPV. Nos testes de hipóteses, foi prefixado o nível de significância alfa=0,05 para a rejeição da hipótese de nulidade. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do HPV foi significante entre os Grupos Teste (60,6 por cento) e Controle (26,2 por cento) (p=0,0027). Os tipos virais mais comuns foram 16 (42,4 por cento) e 18 (15,2 por cento). Observaram-se diferenças entre grupos na prevalência do HPV 16 (p=0,027) e 18 (p=0,043) no Grupo Teste, e o tipos 16 (19,0 por cento,) e 18 em (2,4 por cento) no Grupo Controle. No Grupo Teste, avaliou-se a distribuição dos tipos de HPV em relação ao estadiamento e ao grau de diferenciação celular, não apresentando diferenças estatisticamente significativas. CONCLUSÃO: O carcinoma de células escamosas do canal anal está associado à presença de HPV, e os tipos 16 e 18 são os mais frequentes.


OBJECTIVE: To identify the most predominant types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in carriers of the anal canal carcinoma (ACC), relating them to the cell differentiation and lesion staging degree, in patients from Belém, Pará, Brazil, between 1998 and 2000. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted with 75 patients, divided into Test Group, with 33 carriers of the anal canal carcinoma, and Control Group, with 42 carriers of non-neoplastic diseases of the anal canal. The methods employed to identify the viral types were the polymerase chain reaction and the dot blot. The Fisher's exact test was used to assess the HPV occurrence. The distribution of HPV types was analyzed by 3x2 contingency tables, representing the distribution of HPV types. For hypothesis testing, the significance level alfa=0.05 was previously established for rejection of the null hypothesis. RESULTS: HPV was significantly prevalent (p=0.0027) in the Test (60.6 percent) and Control Groups (26.2 percent) (p=0.0027). The most prevalent viral types were HPV 16 (42.4 percent) and 18 (15.2 percent). Significant differences related to the prevalence of HPV 16 and 18 were verified between both groups (p=0.027 and p=0.043, respectively). In the Control Group, HPV 16 was found in 19.0 percent, whereas HPV 18 was observed in 2.4 percent. In the Test Group, we evaluated the distribution of HPV types according to the staging and degree of cell differentiation, and found no significant differences between the results of the different groups. CONCLUSION: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is associated with the HPV presence, and the 16 and 18 types are the most frequently found.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anal Canal , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Neoplasm Staging , Papilloma , Case-Control Studies
16.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 47(3): 270-274, jul.-set. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-567308

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Recent studies have shown that local anesthesia for loop colostomy closure is as safe as spinal anesthesia for this procedure. OBJECTIVES: Randomized clinical trial to compare the results from these two techniques. METHODS: Fifty patients were randomized for loop colostomy closure using spinal anesthesia (n = 25) and using local anesthesia (n = 25). Preoperatively, the bowel was evaluated by means of colonoscopy, and bowel preparation was performed with 10 percent oral mannitol solution and physiological saline solution for lavage through the distal colostomy orifice. All patients were given prophylactic antibiotics (cefoxitin). Pain, analgesia, reestablishment of peristaltism or peristalsis, diet reintroduction, length of hospitalization and rehospitalization were analyzed postoperatively. RESULTS: Surgery duration and local complications were greater in the spinal anesthesia group. Conversion to general anesthesia occurred only with spinal anesthesia. There was no difference in intraoperative pain between the groups, but postoperative pain, reestablishment of peristaltism or peristalsis, diet reintroduction and length of hospitalization were lower with local anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Local anesthesia plus sedation offers a safer and more effective method than spinal anesthesia for loop colostomy closure.


CONTEXTO: Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que a anestesia local para o fechamento de colostomia em alça é tão segura quanto a raquianestesia para estes procedimentos. OBJETIVOS: Comparar os resultados do fechamento de colostomia em alça usando essas duas técnicas. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta pacientes foram randomizados para o fechamento de colostomia em alça sob raquianestesia (n = 25) e anestesia local (n = 25). No pré-operatório, o cólon foi avaliado por colonoscopia e o preparo intestinal foi realizado com solução oral de manitol a 10 por cento e limpeza com solução salina fisiológica através do orifício distal da colostomia. Todos os pacientes receberam antibioticoprofilaxia com cefoxitina. Dor, analgesia, restabelecimento do peristaltismo, reintrodução da dieta, tempo de internação e de reinternação foram analisados no pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Duração da cirurgia e complicações locais foram maiores no grupo da raquianestesia. A conversão para anestesia geral ocorreu somente no grupo da raquianestesia. Em relação á dor intraoperatória, não houve diferença entre os grupos, mas a dor pós-operatória, restabelecimento do peristaltismo, reintrodução da dieta e tempo de hospitalização foram menores no grupo com anestesia local. CONCLUSÃO: A anestesia local associada à sedação ofereceu um método mais seguro e efetivo que a raquianestesia para o fechamento de colostomia em alça.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Anesthesia, Spinal/methods , Colostomy/methods , Postoperative Care , Treatment Outcome
17.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 47(2): 141-147, abr.-jun. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554675

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Search of tumors markers that allow treatment with higher survival rates, and indicate the response to treatment and recurrence of cancer OBJECTIVE: To analyze the immunoexpression of the proteins p53, bcl-2 and Ki-67 in colorectal adenocarcinoma and correlate them with the clinical-pathological prognostic factors. METHOD: Tissue microarray paraffin blocks were made from colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue resected from 82 patients who had undergone surgery but not chemotherapy or radiotherapy, at "Hospital São Paulo", São Paulo, SP, Brazil, between 2002 and 2005. Thin sections (4 µm) were subjected to immunohistochemical reactions, and immunoexpression staining scores were obtained. The scores were correlated with the degree of cell differentiation, staging, disease-free interval, recurrence, survival and specific mortality. The study variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Kaplan-Meier tests to investigate associations with the markers. The significance of the differences between the curves of the disease-free interval and survival was analyzed using the Logrank and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical expression of p53 was positive in 70 tumors (85.4 percent) and negative in 12 (14.6 percent). The expression of bcl-2 was positive in 26 (31.7 percent) and negative in 56 (68.3 percent). The expression of Ki-67 was positive in 62 (75.6 percent) and negative in 20 (24.4 percent). There was no statistically significant correlation between the expressions of these markers separately or in conjunction, in relation to the degree of cell differentiation, staging, disease-free interval, survival and specific mortality. In relation to recurrence, there was a statistically significant correlation with positive expression of Ki-67 (P = 0.035). CONCLUSION: The immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 in colorectal cancer is associated with recurrence of this disease.


CONTEXTO: Pesquisa de marcadores tumorais que permitam tratamento com maiores índices de sobrevida, além de indicarem a resposta ao tratamento e a recurrência da neoplasia. OBJETIVO: Analisar as expressões imunoistoquímicas das proteínas p53, bcl-2 e Ki-67 no adenocarcinoma colorretal, correlacionando-as com os fatores prognósticos clínico-patológicos. MÉTODO: Foram confeccionados blocos de parafina de TMA com tecido de adenocarcinoma colorretal ressecados cirurgicamente em 82 pacientes no Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal der São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, de 2002 a 2005, não submetidos a radio ou quimioterapia. Cortes de 4 µm foram submetidos a reação imunoistoquímica e obtidos escores de intensidade das imunoexpressões, que foram correlacionados com o grau de diferenciação celular, estádio, tempo livre de doença, recidiva, sobrevida e mortalidade específica. As variáveis do estudo foram analisadas pelos testes do qui ao quadrado e de Kaplan-Meier para verificar as associações com os marcadores. A significância das diferenças entre as curvas do tempo livre de doença e da sobrevida foi analisada pelos testes de Logrank e Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: A expressão imunoistoquímica da p53 foi positiva em 70 tumores (85,4 por cento) e negativa em 12 (14,6 por cento). A bcl-2 foi positiva em 26 tumores (31,7 por cento) e negativa em 56 (68,3 por cento). A expressão imunoistoquímica da Ki-67 foi positiva em 62 tumores (75,6 por cento), sendo em 20 (24,4 por cento) negativa. Não houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre as expressões imunoistoquímicas dos marcadores analisadas separadamente ou em conjunto, envolvendo o grau de diferenciação celular, estádio, tempo livre de doença, sobrevida e mortalidade específica. Com relação à recidiva, observou-se correlação estatisticamente significante com a expressão imunoistoquímica positiva da Ki-67 (P = 0,035). CONCLUSÃO: A expressão imunoistoquímica positiva da Ki-67 no câncer colorretal está...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , /metabolism , /metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , /metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Disease-Free Survival , Immunohistochemistry , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis
18.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 47(2): 159-164, abr.-jun. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554678

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Studies in the area of health economics are still poorly explored and it is known that the cost savings in this area is becoming more necessary, provided that strict criteria. OBJECTIVE: To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of spinal anesthesia versus local anesthesia plus sedation for loop colostomy closure. METHODS: This was a randomized clinical trial with 50 patients undergoing loop colostomy closure either under spinal anesthesia (n = 25) or under local anesthesia plus sedation (n = 25). The duration of the operation, time spent in the post-anesthesia recovery room, pain, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, laboratory and imaging examinations and need for rehospitalization and reoperation were analyzed. The direct medical costs were analyzed. A decision tree model was constructed. The outcome measures were mean cost and cost per local and systemic postoperative complications avoided. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were presented. RESULTS: Duration of operation: 146 ± 111.5 min. vs 105 ± 23.6 min. (P = 0.012); mean time spent in post-anesthesia recovery room: 145 ± 110.8 min. vs 36.8 ± 34.6 min. (P<0.001). Immediate postoperative pain was lower with local anesthesia plus sedation (P<0.05). Local and systemic complications were fewer with local anesthesia plus sedation (P = 0.209). Hospitalization + rehospitalization: 4.5 ± 4.1 days vs 2.9 ± 2.2 days (P<0.0001); mean spending per patient: R$ 5,038.05 vs 2,665.57 (P<0.001). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio: R$ -474.78, indicating that the strategy with local anesthesia plus sedation is cost saving. CONCLUSION: In the present investigation, loop colostomy closure under local anesthesia plus sedation was effective and appeared to be a dominant strategy, compared with the same surgical procedure under spinal anesthesia.


OBJETIVO: Análise de custo-efetividade entre fechamento de colostomia e m alça sob raquianestesia versus anestesia local associada à sedação. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 50 pacientes para fechamento de colostomia em alça, sob raquianestesia (n = 25) e sob anestesia local com sedação (n = 25). Avaliaram-se tempo operatório e de sala de recuperação pós-anestésica, dor, complicações pós-operatórias, tempo de internação, exames laboratoriais e de imagens, reoperações e reinternações. Foi feita análise de custos diretos médicos. A medida de desfecho foi: complicações pós-operatórias locais e sistêmicas. Aplicaram-se razão incremental e árvore de decisão. RESULTADOS: Tempo operatório (146 ± 111,5 min vs 105 ± 23,6 min; P = 0,012), tempo médio de sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (145 ± 110,8 min vs 36,8 ± 34,6 min, P<0,001). Dor no pós-operatório imediato em favor da anestesia local (P<0,05). Complicações pós-operatórias locais e sistêmicas (P = 0,209) em favor da anestesia local. Internação + reinternações (4,5 ± 4,1 dias vs 2,9 ± 2,2 dias; P<0,0001), valor médio gasto por paciente (R$ 5.038,05 vs R$ 2.665,57; P<0,001). Razão de custo-efetividade: -R$ 474,78, indicando que a estratégia é dominante. CONCLUSÃO: Na presente investigação o fechamento de colostomia em alça sob anestesia local associada à sedação foi eficaz e apresentou boa relação de custo-efetividade em relação ao mesmo procedimento cirúrgico sob raquianestesia.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Anesthesia, Local/economics , Anesthesia, Spinal/economics , Colostomy/economics , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Colostomy/methods , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/economics , Time Factors
19.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(3): 249-256, May-June 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-546830

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the detection of biliary complications in liver transplanted patients. METHODS: A study was conducted, with blinded review of 28 MRCP exams of 24 patients submitted to liver transplantation. The images were reviewed by two independent observers, at two different moments, regarding the degree of biliary tree visualization and the presence or absence of biliary complications. The MRCP results were compared, when negative, to at least 3 months of clinical and biochemical follow-up, and when positive, to the findings at surgery or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). RESULTS: The degree of intrahepatic biliary tree visualization was considered good or excellent in 78.6 percent and 82.1 percent of the exams by the two observers and visualization of the donor duct, recipient duct and biliary anastomosis was considered good or excellent in 100 percent of the exams, by both observers. Six biliary complications were detected (21.4 percent), all of them anastomotic strictures. Intra and interobserver agreement were substantial or almost perfect (kappa k values of 0.611 to 0.804) for the visualization of the biliary tree and almost perfect (k values of 0.900 to 1.000) for the detection of biliary complications. MRCP achieved 100 percent sensitivity, 95.45 percent specificity, 85.7 percent positive predictive value and 100 percent negative predictive value for the detection of biliary complications. CONCLUSIONS: MRCP is an accurate examination for the detection of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation and it is a highly reproducible method in the evaluation of the biliary tree of liver transplanted patients.


OBJETIVO: Medir a acurácia e reprodutibilidade da colangiopancreatografia por ressonância magnética (CPRM) na avaliação da visibilização de complicações biliares em pacientes submetidos a transplantes hepáticos ortotópicos. MÉTODOS: Realizado estudo retrospectivo de 28 exames de CPRM de 24 pacientes submetidos a transplantes hepáticos. Os exames foram interpretados por dois observadores independentes, em dois momentos distintos, quanto ao grau de visibilização das estruturas estudadas e quanto à presença ou ausência de alterações nas vias biliares. Os resultados da CPRM foram comparados, nos casos de CPRM negativa, à evolução clínico-laboratorial por pelo menos 3 meses e, nos casos de CPRM alterada, aos achados de colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) e cirurgia, quando indicados. RESULTADOS: A visibilização das vias biliares intra-hepáticas foi considerada boa ou excelente em 78,6 por cento e 82,1 por cento dos exames pelos dois observadores. A visibilização da via biliar extra-hepática do doador e do receptor, bem como da anastomose biliar, foi considerada boa ou excelente em 100 por cento dos casos por ambos os observadores. Foram detectadas seis complicações biliares (21,4 por cento dos casos), todas elas estenoses anastomóticas. A concordância intra e intra-observador foi substancial ou quase perfeita (índices de kappa- k de 0,611 a 0,804) para a visualização das estruturas estudadas e quase perfeita (k de 0,900 a 1,000) para a detecção das complicações biliares. A CPRM apresentou sensibilidade de 100 por cento, especificidade de 95,45 por cento, valor preditivo positivo de 85,7 por cento e valor preditivo negativo de 100 por cento para a detecção de complicações biliares. CONCLUSÕES: A colangiopancreatografia por ressonância magnética (CPRM) é um exame acurado para a detecção de complicações biliares em pacientes submetidos a transplantes hepáticos ortotópicos por CPRM. Este exame configura-se como um método eficiente ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Bile Duct Diseases/diagnosis , Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric , Young Adult
20.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 29(4): 479-484, out.-dez. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-542672

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Caracterizar a resposta imunológica presente na camada dérmica da região peri-colostômica. Método: Foram incluídos quarenta e um doentes, portadores de colostomias realizadas há mais de oito semanas. Na determinação imuno-histoquímica foram avaliados os linfócitos Pan T, linfócito T - auxiliar, linfócito T - citotóxico, linfócito B, linfócito T - Natural Killer e os macrófagos. Resultados: Na análise da resposta imune-celular, independente da doença colorretal, foi observada uma relação com significância estatística quando se comparou os valores dos linfócitos Pan T, linfócito T - auxiliar, linfócito T - citotóxico e dos macrófagos, com as do linfócito B, linfócito T - Natural Killer. Na análise da resposta imune-celular de acordo com a idade, observou-se uma significância estatística da relação do linfócito Pan T, linfócito T - auxiliar e do macrófago, com as do linfócito B, linfócito T - Natural Killer, em ambas as faixas etárias, além do linfócito T - citotóxico com as do linfócito B, linfócito T - Natural Killer na faixa etária adulta. Conclusão: A presença da colostomia determina o desenvolvimento de uma resposta imune-celular na camada dérmica da região peri-colostômica, sendo composta em maior número pelo linfócito Pan T, linfócito T - auxiliar, linfócito T - citotóxico e macrófagos.


Objective: describe the immunological response in the dermal layer of the peri-colostomic region. Method: Forty-one patients with colostomies realized over eight weeks previously, were included. For the analysis of the immunocellular response in the peri-colostomic dermal region, the values of Pan T lymphocytes, T lymphocytes - helper, T lymphocytes - cytotoxic, lymphocytes B, T lymphocytes - Natural Killer and macrophages. Results: Analysis of the immuno-cellular response showed that both in the benign colorectal disease as well as in the malignant one number of Pan T lymphocytes, T lymphocytes - helper, T lymphocytes - cytotoxic and macrophages were statistically significant relationship major than B Lymphocytes and T lymphocytes - Natural Killer. Analysis of the immuno-cellular response based on age, demonstrated that both the adult age bracket as well as the geriatric one, displayed a major number of Pan T lymphocytes, T lymphocytes - helper and macrophages, with their numerical value significantly than the B lymphocytes and the T lymphocytes - Natural Killer, beyond the T lymphocytes - cytotoxic with the B lymphocytes and the T lymphocytes - Natural Killer in the adult age. Conclusion: The presence of a colostomy promotes the development of an immuno-cellular response in the dermal layer of the peri-colostomy region that is composed of a major number of Pan T lymphocytes, T lymphocytes - helper, T lymphocytes - cytotoxic and macrophages.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Colostomy , Immunity , Lymphocytes , Macrophages , Skin
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL